Our body is made up of cells. Cells consist of 3 major parts namely the cell membrane, nucleus and the cytoplasm. The cell membrane is semipermeable which is selective to what substances can enter the cell. It is composed of a phospholipid bilayer, proteins, and carbohydrates. The Nucleus which is coined as the control center of the cells. The nucleus contains the genetic material necessary for replication. The cytoplasm has organelles that are embedded at the cytosol. Organelles are double membraned and perform specific functions. Organelles include the Mitochondrium, lysosome, Golgi apparatus, and the like. The Mitochondrium, a sausage-shaped

organelle, is the powerhouse of the cell in which cell respiration takes place. The lysosome is responsible for digesting foreign and dead materials for it possess enzymes. The Golgi apparatus is the packaging center of the cell in which it prepares the materials to be transported in the form of vesicles. The cytoskeleton is responsible for the shape of the cell. Centrioles aid in cell division. Ribosomes, non-membranous organelle, is responsible for protein synthesis. The rough endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes proteins due to the presence of ribosomes in it. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes steroids and breaks down fats.

Lipids :3

• also known as fats.
• organic molecules insoluble in water, but soluble in alcohol.
• contains C, H, O

comes in 2 groups

1. Complex- with fatty acids, saponifiable
2. Simple-withou fatty acid, nonsaponifiable

Complex lipids include waves, acyglycerol, phosphoglycerides, sphingolipids while simple lipids include terpenes, steriods and prostaglandins .

Proteins :DD

it is the most abundant organis molecules in cells .

proteins are of three types :

enzymes speeds the rate of chemical reaction

hormones reguates other parts of body

antibody protects body from antingen

amino acid bldg. blocks of proteins

amino acids are joined together by the peptide bonds.

The general structure of amino acid :

Sugar :DD

This I've learned about yhe molecules of sugar , different types of sugar and different shapes of the molecules of sugar .
I've learned that it could be arranged i acylic and in cyclic way .
I've also learned that complex sugar are made up of simpler sugar named as glucose , galactose and fructose .